WebForensik

A Content Security Policy (CSP) is a doorkeeper rule for the browser: "Scripts and styles may only be loaded from these allowed sources." Without CSP, injected malicious code (XSS) can freely fetch anything. Start with a simple, secure baseline.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: .htaccess in the web root

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; img-src 'self' data: https:; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self' https: data:; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'self'; base-uri 'self'"
</IfModule>

⚠ This policy is intentionally pragmatic (allows inline styles since many themes/plugins rely on them). If something breaks after enabling: F12 → Console shows "Refused to load…" — add the affected domain after script-src / img-src.

# BEGIN WebForensik CSP
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; img-src 'self' data: https:; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self' https: data:; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'self'; base-uri 'self'"
</IfModule>
# END WebForensik CSP

add_action('send_headers', function () {
    header("Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; img-src 'self' data: https:; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self' https: data:; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'self'; base-uri 'self'");
});

✓ How to verify it works: Open page, F12 → Console — no red "Refused to load…" messages. Network tab → first request → Response Header "content-security-policy" visible.

Your X-Content-Type-Options header has an invalid value (nosniff nosniff) — expected is exactly "nosniff". Correct it.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: .htaccess in the web root

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
</IfModule>

⚠ Replace the existing malformed line.

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
</IfModule>

✓ How to verify it works: F12 → Network → Response Header: value exactly "nosniff".

Permissions-Policy controls whether scripts (including third-party) may access camera, microphone, location, motion sensors etc. GDPR-relevant because sensitive device APIs can otherwise be reached unnoticed.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: .htaccess in the web root

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set Permissions-Policy "camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=(), payment=(), usb=(), accelerometer=(), gyroscope=(), magnetometer=(), interest-cohort=()"
</IfModule>

⚠ "()" at the end means: no caller (not even your own page) may use this API. If you need geolocation (e.g. a map feature): use geolocation=(self) instead of geolocation=(). "interest-cohort=()" disables Google’s FLoC tracking.

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set Permissions-Policy "camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=(), payment=(), usb=(), interest-cohort=()"
</IfModule>

add_action('send_headers', function () {
    header('Permissions-Policy: camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=(), payment=(), usb=(), interest-cohort=()');
});

✓ How to verify it works: F12 → Network → Response Header: "permissions-policy" visible.

Third-party cookies (e.g. from Google, Facebook) track visitors across websites. Under GDPR Art. 6 and ePrivacy / national implementations, explicit consent is required BEFORE setting them. Three-step fix: (1) identify which external services set the cookies, (2) remove services you don’t strictly need, (3) for essential services, add a consent banner that loads them only after "Accept".

✓ How to verify it works: Open the site in incognito mode → F12 → Application → Cookies → your-domain.com. BEFORE clicking "Accept" there must be NO cookies from google.com, facebook.com etc. AFTER consent, yes.

Cookies without the "HttpOnly" flag can be read by JavaScript — an XSS attacker can steal session cookies and impersonate the logged-in user. Set HttpOnly for all cookies JavaScript doesn’t actively need.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: .htaccess in the web root

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always edit Set-Cookie "^(.*)$" "$1; HttpOnly" "expr=!(resp('Set-Cookie') -strmatch '*HttpOnly*')"
</IfModule>

⚠ Cleaner: set cookies with HttpOnly directly (PHP: setcookie(..., [..., 'httponly'=>true])). Exception: cookies that JS actively reads (e.g. some consent cookies).

@ini_set('session.cookie_httponly', '1');
@ini_set('session.cookie_secure', '1');

✓ How to verify it works: F12 → Application → Cookies → "HttpOnly" column shows checkmarks everywhere (except for deliberately JS-readable cookies like the consent cookie).

Without "SameSite" cookies are sent on requests from foreign sites — the basis of CSRF attacks (a foreign page silently triggers actions in your name because the login cookie travels along). Set SameSite=Lax as a minimum.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: .htaccess in the web root

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always edit Set-Cookie "^(.*)$" "$1; SameSite=Lax" "expr=!(resp('Set-Cookie') -strmatch '*SameSite*')"
</IfModule>

⚠ SameSite=Lax is a good default. Strict is safer but breaks external links (user clicks from Google to your site — cookies are NOT sent, login is lost). None allows cross-site but requires "; Secure".

@ini_set('session.cookie_samesite', 'Lax');
@ini_set('session.cookie_secure', '1');
@ini_set('session.cookie_httponly', '1');

✓ How to verify it works: F12 → Application → Cookies → "SameSite" column should show "Lax" or "Strict" everywhere, not empty.

Heavy use of localStorage may indicate tracking or fingerprinting (localStorage isn’t covered by cookie consent but can identify visitors). Check whether the data is actually needed — and if yes, mention it in your privacy policy.

✓ How to verify it works: Incognito browser → load page once → F12 → Application → Local Storage — as few entries as possible, none without a clear functional purpose.

GDPR-relevant: visitor data (at least IP + User-Agent) is transmitted to servers outside the EU/EEA. Since the Schrems-II ruling (2020) this requires Standard Contractual Clauses + supplementary technical measures AND prior consent. Best fix: replace with EU alternatives where possible.

✓ How to verify it works: Load in incognito mode, F12 → Network → list all requests → check "Domain" column for non-EU servers. After migration no unrequested US domains should load.

Trackers (Google Analytics, Facebook Pixel, …) capture visitors and follow them across multiple sites. Under GDPR Art. 6 and ePrivacy / national implementations, explicit consent is required BEFORE loading the tracker. "Continued scrolling = consent" is NOT acceptable.

✓ How to verify it works: Incognito, load page — BEFORE "Accept": F12 → Network → no requests to google-analytics.com, facebook.com/tr etc. AFTER "Accept", yes.

Only some of your external resources (1 of 7) are protected by SRI. Add integrity attributes to the remaining ones too.

✓ How to verify it works: F12 → Console on page load: no "Failed to find a valid digest" messages. Source: all external <script>/<link> have an integrity attribute.

CAA records (Certification Authority Authorization) define in DNS which Certificate Authorities are allowed to issue certificates for your domain. Without a CAA record an attacker could request a fraudulent certificate for your domain at any CA. CAA is pure DNS configuration — set in your registrar/DNS-panel, NOT in WordPress.

Name   Type   Flag   Tag      Value
@      CAA    0      issue    "digicert.com"
@      CAA    0      issue    "letsencrypt.org"
@      CAA    0      iodef    "mailto:security@your-domain.com"

✓ How to verify it works: On https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=your-domain.com → "DNS CAA" section → all your CAs should be listed. Or via dig: dig CAA your-domain.com.

DMARC combines SPF and DKIM into an explicit instruction for receiving mail servers: "What to do if emails claim to come from us but SPF/DKIM fail?" Without DMARC each server decides — usually generously. With DMARC=reject you effectively prevent phishing in your name.

✓ How to verify it works: dig TXT _dmarc.your-domain.com — or online https://dmarcian.com/dmarc-inspector/.

A security.txt (RFC 9116) tells security researchers how to responsibly report vulnerabilities to you. Without it, reports may go to spam or never be sent. A plain text file at the correct path is enough.

Apache server (classic hosting at most providers)

File: /.well-known/security.txt (create the folder if it doesn’t exist)

Contact: mailto:security@your-domain.com
Expires: 2027-12-31T23:59:59.000Z
Preferred-Languages: en, de
Canonical: https://your-domain.com/.well-known/security.txt

⚠ Replace "security@your-domain.com" with your actual security contact (or a generic info@). "Expires" must be a future date and should be renewed regularly. The file is plain .txt, not PHP.

Contact: mailto:security@your-domain.com
Expires: 2027-12-31T23:59:59.000Z
Preferred-Languages: en, de
Canonical: https://your-domain.com/.well-known/security.txt

✓ How to verify it works: Open https://your-domain.com/.well-known/security.txt in a browser — content must be visible (no 404).

Your consent system is wired up but the banner doesn’t appear visibly — perhaps hidden by another plugin or custom CSS. Risk: without a visible banner, no consent is given.

✓ How to verify it works: Incognito tab, load page, wait 5 seconds — banner visible centered/bottom, doesn’t fully block main content, is clickable.

Your trackers are loaded BEFORE the user can consent ("pre-consent loading"). Common misconfiguration in cookie plugins — banner appears, but too late: the GA script is already running. Violates ePrivacy.

✓ How to verify it works: Incognito → F12 → Network (clear all, start recording) → load page, do NOT click banner, wait 10 seconds → there must be NO requests to google-analytics.com, googletagmanager.com, facebook.com/tr, doubleclick.net etc.